Process of making asbestos yarn



E. F. NANFELDT.

PROCESS OF .MAKING ASBESTOS YARN.

APF'LiCATlON FlLED JAN-20,1920

Patented Dec.

l ntcntcol Dec. 5, llQZZ.

nnrrsn srnrss ERNEST F. NAN'FELDT, ENEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

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rnrsn'r orsics.

RRCCESS GE MAKING- ASBESTOS YARN.

Application filed January 20, 3.920. Serial No. 352,731.

To all wliomt may concern:

Be it know-n that l. llnxns'r F.

New Haven, in the county of New Haiicn nod State of Connecticut. have invented certain improvements in a Process of Making Asbestos Yarn, of which the\ .illowing description, in connection with the accompany- .ing drawings, is a specih' 'ation. like reference characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to processes of making asbestos yarn and is particularly concerned with reini'orccd asbestos yarn of the type used in manufacturing brake linings and clutch tacings.

As is well understood by those skilled in this art, asbestos fibre has very little mechanical strength and in making asbestos yarn it is customary, therefore. to mix with the asbestos fibre a small percentage of cotton in order to facilitate the spinning and weavii'ig operations. practicc'to reinforce the yarn with one or more strands of fine wire. usually brass or co pper' wire.

The: process of making this yarn as usually practised commercia ly consists in, crushing the crude asbestos. grading the fibre. mixing the fibre with cotton, and then running this mixture through a carding machine to form ;cluti" "facing fabric is woven.

a roving. This roving is wound on tubes as fast as it is delivered from the condensor or rub rolls of the carding machine and the.

; tubes after being filled are transferred to a spinning machine, usually ol the mule type, which spins the roving into yarn. This yarn is neither strong enough nor large enough to be woven into brake linings or clutch facings f ond consequently it is customary to twist a plurality of strands of this yarn with one or inores'trands of reinforcing wire to produce the arnironi which the brake lining 01' Usually l ig thrce strands of small yarn produced by the 'spinning o oration are twisted with two strands of no brass wireto form the yarn used in weaving the asbestos fabric.

This 'nocessrcquirres an expensive equipment, t dlntrruptions due to breaking of the yarn are frequent and the labor cost is comparatively high. Accordingly it is the chief" object of the present invention to do vise a process of manufacturing yarn of. this character more economicall Thc'naturo of the invention wgii heresdiiy Nnnrnmr, a citizen of thel mted States, residing at it is also the usualundcrsto'od from the following description when read in connection with'the acconn panying drawings andthe novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring now to the drawings.

Figure l is a diagrammatic view illustratin 1 one step in the present process;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view illustrating the manner in which the roving and re- ;inforping wircs are wound preparatory to twisting them together;

Fig. 3 shows diagrannnntically an apparatus for pertormmg the twisting operation; Fig. 4 1s a diagrammatic view showing .a slightly dili'eirnt step in the process oi making yarn: and

Fig. 5 is a view illustrating the. manner in which the roving and reinforcing wires are twisted together.

According to the present process the asbestos fibre is first carded. This operation may conveniently be performed in the usual -ar ,ling machine. as illustrated in Fig. 1. the asbestos issuing from between the condensing rolls 2 and the rub belts 3 in the form of a roving K. As fast this roving is delivered by the carding machine itis wound on a tube 4 and the reinforcing wire which is to form a part of the yarn is wound withthe roving. Usually the yarn is made from three strnndso't roving and two strands of line reinforcing wire and. accordingly, in winding the roving on the tube fl three strands of roving are associated with two strands of wire. As is well understood by those skilled in this art. the usual carding machine forms a series of strands of roving,

and the roving, therefore, iswound in a series of cylindrical masses or rolls 6,

between the rolls 9 of the twister, throngir the guide 10 to the @3 61 11 and thence to the spool 12. An rdiunry ring twister may he used to perform this stop of the-procm has? ess. This-machine operates to twist together the three strands of roving and two strands of wire, thus producing a finished strand of yarn and, at the same time, wind-s ing this yarn on the s 001 12. Care should be taken in starting t iis operation to keep the three strands of roving associatedwith.

the-two strands of wire as "they are being unwound.

process.

It will now be clear that, this process eliminates the necessity for spinning which heretofore has been regarded as an essential step of the yarn making process. It, therefore, eliminates not only a very expensive part of the equipment but it also reduces substantially the labor cost of the yarn.

Instead of winding the roving and wire on separate sections of tubing 4-, as shown in Fig.2, the roving may be wound on a long tube 4, Fig. e, and this tube then transferred toa twister provided with a large drum 15 and with an arbor 16. The tubev 4" carrying the roving is slipped on to the arbor 16 and each setof strands from the rolls (iare brought'over the drum 15, through the rolls 9 and guide 10 to the flyer 11 of the ring twister, the cylindrical mass 6 of roving wire resting on the. periphery of the drum. This drum is rotated at a slow speed and its peripheral .contact with the roving 6 rotates this roll of roving abouti the arbor 16 at the proper speed'tojeed it to the flyer of the twister. This arrangement, therefore, has the advantage of relievmg the roving from any strain while it is being unwound in the twisting machine. It is obvious that cotton may be mixed. with theasbestos, if desired, as in theprocesses heretoforepra'ctised, but it is not essential in this process that cotton be used since This operation completes the yarnand this see the cotton isuuwful chiefly spinning the pperation is eliminated by the present process. Furthermore, thereint'orcmg wire with the roving immediately after '9 the roving is formed relieves the rovin from any substantial strain. It will. 8150 heunderstood that; ii? d.esired,-theyreioforcing wire could be associated; with the-roving be fore the roving emerges from between the rub belts and thus tend still. further to eliminate strain on'the rovin Usually, however, this'vis unnecessary an it is somewhat more convenient from the standpoint of operation tobring the association of the F reinforcing wire into contact with the roying after the roving has passedthrough the rubbelts. r

What is claimed as new is:

1. That improvement inthe process of making reinforced asbestos yarn which consists in working asbestos into the form-of roving, winding together a number" of strandsof roving and wire while said wire and roving are otherwise dissociated, and

then unwinding the strands so-wound and twisting them together to produce a rein-' forced asbestos yarn.

'2. That improvement in the process of making reinforced asbestos yarn which consis s in carding the asbestos to work it into" the form of roving, winding the desired number of strands of said roving with a wire reinforcement as fast as the roving is produced, and subsequently unwinding the strands of wire and roving so associated and twisting them together to produce a rei hforced asbestos yarxL- r In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

Earner F. arrator. 

